OIE -357 - INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL ENGG - TWO MARK QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

 

UNIT I – INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

1. Industrial Engineering
   Industrial Engineering is concerned with the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of men, materials, machines, and methods.

2. Father of Scientific Management
   F.W. Taylor is known as the Father of Scientific Management.

3. Productivity
   Productivity is the ratio of output produced to the input used in the production process.

4. Objectives of Industrial Engineering
   To increase productivity and reduce waste by efficient utilization of resources.

5. Production System
   A production system is a set of interrelated components that transform inputs into finished outputs.

6. Input–Output Model
   The input–output model represents the transformation of resources such as men, materials, and machines into finished goods.

7. Applications of Industrial Engineering
   Industrial Engineering is applied in manufacturing, service industries, healthcare, and logistics.

8. Factors Affecting Productivity
   Technology level and skill of manpower affect productivity.

9. Efficiency
   Efficiency is the ability to produce maximum output with minimum input.

10. Value Engineering
    Value engineering is a systematic approach to improve the value of a product by reducing cost without affecting function.

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🔹 UNIT II – WORK STUDY & METHOD STUDY

1. Work Study
   Work study is a systematic examination of work to improve efficiency and set performance standards.

2. Method Study
   Method study is the systematic analysis of existing work methods to develop an improved method.

3. Work Measurement
   Work measurement determines the time required to perform a job by a qualified worker.

4. Steps in Method Study
   Select, Record, Examine, Develop, Define, Install, and Maintain.

5. Time Study
   Time study measures the time taken for each element of a job using a stopwatch.

6. Motion Study
   Motion study analyzes basic human motions to eliminate unnecessary movements.

7. Flow Process Chart
   A flow process chart records all activities like operation, inspection, transport, delay, and storage.

8. Operation Process Chart
   An operation process chart shows only operations and inspections in a process.

9. Standard Time
   Standard time is the sum of basic time and allowances.

10. Therblig
    Therbligs are basic units of motion used in motion study.

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🔹 UNIT III – PRODUCTION SYSTEMS & PLANT LAYOUT

1. Production System
   A production system converts raw materials into finished products using resources.

2. Job Production
   Job production involves manufacturing products according to specific customer requirements.

3. Batch Production
   Batch production produces goods in batches with similar characteristics.

4. Mass Production
   Mass production involves continuous production of standardized products.

5. Plant Layout
   Plant layout is the physical arrangement of machines, equipment, and workstations.

6. Objectives of Plant Layout
   To minimize material handling cost and improve workflow.

7. Material Handling
   Material handling refers to the movement, storage, and control of materials.

8. Principles of Material Handling
   Material movement should be minimized and simplified.

9. Product Layout
   Product layout arranges machines in the sequence of operations.

10. Process Layout
    Process layout groups machines based on similar functions.

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🔹 UNIT IV – ERGONOMICS & HUMAN FACTORS

1. Ergonomics
   Ergonomics is the study of designing work systems to fit human capabilities.

2. Man–Machine System
   A man–machine system involves interaction between humans and machines to perform a task.

3. Fatigue
   Fatigue is a state of physical or mental exhaustion reducing work efficiency.

4. Workplace Design
   Workplace design arranges tools and equipment for safe and efficient work.

5. Ergonomic Principles
   Work should be designed to reduce strain and discomfort.

6. Anthropometry
   Anthropometry deals with measurements of the human body.

7. Human Factors Engineering
   Human factors engineering focuses on improving safety and performance by considering human abilities.

8. Mental Workload
   Mental workload is the cognitive effort required to perform a task.

9. Safety Engineering
   Safety engineering aims to prevent accidents and injuries at the workplace.

10. Environmental Ergonomics
    Environmental ergonomics deals with lighting, noise, temperature, and vibration.

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🔹 UNIT V – QUALITY & INVENTORY CONTROL

1. Quality
   Quality is the degree to which a product satisfies customer requirements.

2. Quality Control
   Quality control ensures products meet specified standards through inspection and testing.

3. Inspection
   Inspection is the process of measuring and examining products for conformity.

4. Inventory
   Inventory refers to stocks of raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods.

5. Inventory Control
   Inventory control manages stock levels to minimize cost and ensure availability.

6. EOQ
   EOQ is the order quantity that minimizes total inventory cost.

7. Assumptions of EOQ
   Demand is constant and lead time is known.

8. ABC Analysis
   ABC analysis classifies inventory based on value and importance.

9. VED Analysis
   VED analysis classifies items as Vital, Essential, and Desirable.

10. Customer Satisfaction
    Customer satisfaction is the fulfillment of customer expectations.