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1.2.3 Frank & Lillian Gilbreth: Motion study

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By Dr.M.MuthuKrishnan

 

Frank & Lillian Gilbreth – Motion Study

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were pioneers in motion study, a technique used to improve work efficiency by analyzing and eliminating unnecessary motions involved in performing a task.

  • Focus on eliminating unnecessary motions
  • Improves work methods and efficiency
  • Introduced Therbligs (17 basic hand motions)
  • Reduces worker fatigue
  • Increases productivity and safety
  • Foundation for ergonomics and method study

Concept of Motion Study

Motion study is the systematic study of movements of workers while performing a job to:

  • Eliminate wasteful motions

  • Simplify work

  • Reduce fatigue

  • Improve productivity

Objectives of Motion Study

  • Find the best method of performing a job

  • Reduce unnecessary motions

  • Improve worker efficiency

  • Minimize fatigue

  • Increase output and quality

Therbligs (Basic Motions)



The Gilbreths identified 18 basic motions, called Therbligs (Gilbreth spelled backward).




  • Effective motions (value-adding)

  • Ineffective motions (non–value-adding)

Principles of Motion Economy

The Gilbreths developed principles related to:

  • Use of human body (both hands, smooth motions)

  • Workplace arrangement (tools within reach)

  • Design of tools and equipment (proper size, weight, and shape)

Techniques Used in Motion Study

  • Process charts

  • Flow diagrams

  • Two-handed process chart

  • Cyclegraph and chronocyclegraph

  • Micro-motion study

Contributions of Frank & Lillian Gilbreth

  • Introduced motion study

  • Developed Therbligs

  • Improved ergonomics and workplace design

  • Reduced worker fatigue

  • Enhanced productivity and safety


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